[Footnote 392: _Official Records_, vol. xiii, 934.]
[Footnote 393: Van Dorn would seem to have been a gross offender in this respect. Similar charges were made against him by other men and on other occasions [_Official Records_, vol. liii, supplement, 825].]
[Footnote 394: It was matter of common report that Van Dorn despised Pike's Indians [Ibid., vol. xiii, 814-816]. The entire Arkansas delegation in Congress, with the exception of A.H. Garland, testified to Van Dorn's aversion for the Indians [Ibid., 815].]
[Footnote 395: How great was that stigma can be best understood from the following: "The horde of Indians scampered off to the mountains from whence they had come, having murdered and scalped many of the Union wounded. General Pike, their leader, led a feeble band to the heights of Big Mountain, near Elk Horn, where he was of no use to the battle of the succeeding day, and whence he fled, between roads, through the woods, disliked by the Confederates and detested by the Union men; to be known in history as a son of New Hampshire--a poet who sang of flowers and the beauties of the sunset skies, the joys of love and the hopes of the soul--and yet one who, in the middle of the 19th century, led a merciless, scalping, murdering, uncontrollable horde of half-tame savages in the defense of slavery--themselves slave-holders--against that Union his own native State was then supporting, and against the flag of liberty. He scarcely struck a blow in open fight.... His service was servile and corrupt; his flight was abject, and his reward disgrace."--_War Papers and Personal Recollections of the Missouri Commandery_, 232.]
[Footnote 396: Pike had fought a duel with Roane, Roane having challenged him because he had dared to criticize his conduct in the Mexican War [Hallura, _Biographical and Pictorial History of Arkansas_, vol. i, 229; _Confederate Military History_, vol. x, 99].]
[Footnote 397: Maury to Roane, May 11, 1862, _Official Records_, vol. xiii, 827.]
[Footnote 398: Maury to Pike, May 19, 1862, Ibid.]
[Footnote 399: Pike to Roane, June 1, 1862, Ibid., 935-936.]
[Footnote 400: General Orders, June 8, 1862, Ibid., 943.]
[Footnote 401: Pike to Hindman, June 8, 1862, Ibid., 936-943.]
[Footnote 402: C.L. Dawson of the Nineteenth Regiment of Arkansas Volunteers had joined Pike at Fort McCulloch in April [_Fort Smith Papers_].]
[Footnote 403: His enemies were particularly scornful of his work in this regard. They poked fun at him on every possible occasion. Edwards, in _Shelby and His Men_, 63, but echoed the general criticism,
"Pike, also a Brigadier, had retreated with his Indian contingent out of North West Arkansas, unpursued, through the Cherokee country, the Chickasaw country, and the country of the Choctaws, two hundred and fifty miles to the southward, only halting on the 'Little Blue', an unknown thread of a stream, twenty miles from Red river, where he constructed fortifications on the open prairie, erected a saw-mill remote from any timber, and devoted himself to gastronomy and poetic meditation, with elegant accompaniments..."]
[Footnote 404: _Official Records_, vol. xiii, 943-945.]
[Footnote 405: For tabulated showing of Pike's brigade, see Ibid., 831.]
[Footnote 406: Compare Russell's statement with Hindman's [Ibid., 30]. See also Maury to Price, March 22, 1862 [Ibid., vol. viii, 798].]
[Footnote 407: The parentheses appear here as in the original.]
[Footnote 408: Pike had just received assurances of the friendly disposition of the Kiowas [Bickel to Pike, June 1, 1862, _Official Records_, vol. xiii, 936].]
[Footnote 409: The enemy in mind was the Indian Expedition. Pike had heard that Sturgis had been removed "on account of his tardiness in not invading the Indian country...." [Ibid., 944].]
[Footnote 410: Dawson to Hindman, June 20, 1862, _Official Records_, vol. xiii, 945-946.]
[Footnote 411: Dawson had allowed his wagons to go "of his own motion" [Pike to Hindman, June 24, 1862, Ibid., 947].]
[Footnote 412:--Ibid., 947-950.]
[Footnote 413: _Official Records_, vol. xiii, 967.]
[Footnote 414:--Ibid., 946.]
[Footnote 415:--Ibid., 968, 968-969, 969.]
[Footnote 416:--Ibid., 841-844.]
[Footnote 417: George W. Randolph.]
[Footnote 418: "George E. White, formerly a partner, I believe, of Senator Oldham of Texas..."--_Official Records_, vol. xiii, 842.]
[Footnote 419: George W. Clark, _Official Records_, vol. xiii.]
[Footnote 420: For an equally vigorous statement on this score, see Pike to Randolph, June 30, 1862 [Ibid., 849].]
[Footnote 421:--Ibid., 846-847, 848-849, 850-851, 852.]
[Footnote 422: Chilly McIntosh to Pike, June 9, 1862, Ibid., 853; Pike to Chilly McIntosh, July 6, 1862, Ibid., 853-854.]
[Footnote 423: July 5, 1862 [Ibid., 963-965]; July 8, 1862 [Ibid., 965-967].]
[Footnote 424:--Ibid., 844-845.]
[Footnote 425: Pike to Pearce, July 1, 1862, _Official Records_, vol. xiii, 967.]
[Footnote 426: One of the best statements of the case by Pike is to be found in a letter from him to Stand Watie, June 27, 1862 [Ibid., 952].]
[Footnote 427: For some of Cooper's statements, illustrative of his position, see his letter to Pike, February 10, 1862 [Ibid., 896] and that to Van Dorn, May 6, 1862 [ibid., 824].]
[Footnote 428: It was at the express wish of Stand Watie and Drew that Hindman placed Clarkson in the Cherokee country [Carroll to Pike, June 27, 1862, ibid., 952].]
[Footnote 429: Ross to Hindman, June 25, 1862, _Official Records_, vol. xiii, 950-951. A little while before, Ross had complained, in a similar manner, to President Davis [Ibid., 824-825].]
[Footnote 430: Pike had his traducers. The Texans and Arkansans circulated infamous stories about him. See his reference to the same in a letter to Hindman, July 3, 1862 [Ibid., 955].]
[Footnote 431: July 3.]
[Footnote 432: _Official Records_, vol. xiii, 854.]
[Footnote 433: First, probably only in the sense that it was the first to be received.]
[Footnote 434: _Official Records_, vol. xiii, 857.]
[Footnote 435:--Ibid., 856-857.]
[Footnote 436: Pike to Hindman, July 15, 1862 [Ibid., 858]; Pike to Secretary of War, July 20, 1862 [Ibid., 856].]
[Footnote 437: In September, Hindman declared he had never had any knowledge of the order creating Pike's department [_Official Records_, vol. xiii, 978].]
[Footnote 438: He instituted martial law, June 30, 1862 and, although he believed he had precedent in Pike's own procedure, Pike criticized him severely. See Pike to J.S. Murrow, Seminole Agent, October 25, 1862, Ibid., 900-902. Hindman had authorized Pearce, June 17, 1862, to exercise martial law in the cities of Fort Smith and Van Buren and their environs [Ibid., 835].]
[Footnote 439: Pike to Hindman, July 15, 1862.]
[Footnote 440: Hindman's Report [_Official Records_, vol. xiii, 40].]
[Footnote 441: Pike to the Secretary of War, July 20, 1862 [Ibid., 859].]
[Footnote 442:--Ibid., 954-962.]
[Footnote 443: Phillips to Furnas, July 27, 1862, _Official Records_, vol. xiii, 181-182.]
[Footnote 444: Same to same, August 6, 1862, Ibid., 183-184.]
[Footnote 445: Cooper reported that Pike regarded the Indian Expedition as only a "jayhawking party," and "no credit due" "for arresting its career" [Cooper to Davis, August 8, 1862, Ibid., vol liii, supplement, 821].]
[Footnote 446: Pike to the Secretary of War, July 20, 1862, _Official Records_, vol. xiii, 859-860.]
[Footnote 447:--Ibid., 869-871.]
[Footnote 448: Pike gives this as the effect of his proclamation:
"... it effected what I desired. The Choctaw force was immediately increased to two full regiments; the Creek force to two regiments and two companies; the Seminole force was doubled; the Chickasaws reorganized five companies and a sixth is being made up. The Indians looked to me alone, and for me to vindicate myself was to vindicate the Government. We lost half the Cherokees solely because their moneys and supplies were intercepted..."--Ibid., 904-905. See also Pike to Holmes, December 30, 1862. Another effect was, the creation of a prejudice self-confessed in General Holmes's mind against Pike.]
[Footnote 449: Official Records, vol. liii, supplement, 822.]
[Footnote 450:--Ibid., vol. xiii, 860-869.]
[Footnote 451:--Ibid., vol. liii, supplement, 820-821.]
[Footnote 452: It is possible that the printed circular here referred to was some other one that was directly addressed to the president but none such has been found.]
[Footnote 453: _Official Records_, vol. xiii, 903; Pike to Holmes, December 30, 1862, Pike _Papers_, Library of the Supreme Council, 33º. Pike did not receive Randolph's letter of July fourteenth until some time in August and not until after he had had an interview with Holmes. See Pike to Holmes, December 30, 1862.]
[Footnote 454: Official Records, vol. xiii, 970.]
[Footnote 455: This is inferred from the very peculiar _General Orders_ that issued from Fort McCulloch that selfsame day. They were sarcastic in the extreme. No general in his right senses would have issued them. They are to be found, Ibid., 970-973.]
[Footnote 456:--Ibid., 973, 974.]
[Footnote 457:--_Ib id_., 973.]
[Footnote 458: Pike to Hindman, July 31, 1862, Ibid., 973.]
[Footnote 459: And yet, August 1, 1862, Pike wrote to Davis one of the sanest papers he ever prepared. It was full of sage advice as to the policy that ought to be pursued in Indian Territory [_Official Records_, vol. xiii, 871-874].]
[Footnote 460: Pike to S. Cooper, August 3, 1862, Ibid., 975. See also Pike to Newton, August 3, 1862, Ibid., 976.]
[Footnote 461: D.H. Cooper to Hindman, August 7, 1862, ibid., 977.]
[Footnote 462: Pike to Anderson, October 26, 1862, Ibid., 903.]
[Footnote 463: Hindman's Report, Ibid., 41.]